Team A option 1
card size:4cm X 8cm per card Time calculation: a game of touch cards need two minutes, the game 15 minutes, the whole process is about 20 minutes, in the stipulated 45 minutes can be completed in two games, so that neither the children feel too bored, nor the elderly will not feel tired! The game still pays more attention to the exchange of players, win or lose is not important, the key is that the elderly and children can take the board game as a platform, in this platform can be friendly exchanges
Four- to six-year-old children’s experiences of participating in different physical environments and activities in early childhood education and care institutions in Norway
ABSTRACT Children’s well-being in early childhood education and care (ECEC) is associated with their participation in both planning and assessing ECEC activities. The aim of the study presented here was therefore to explore children’s experiences of participating in different physical environments and activities in ECEC institutions. Quantitative data were collected from structured conversations with 3693 4–6-year-old children using the Norwegian ECEC Well-Being Monitor from 2014 to 2019. Among the results, children’s experiences of participating in ECEC activities were diverse and depended upon the physical environment, although most children experienced higher degrees of participation when outdoors instead of indoors. Furthermore, going hiking and circle time are activities the majority of children have to attend, even if they do not want to. Increased awareness about how children experience opportunities for participating in ECEC activities is important for ECEC institutions and may influence pedagogical thinking and planning in different environments and activities. Introduction Children’s experiences of participating in everyday life are important to promoting their well-being and democratic values (Holte et al. Citation2014; Ree, Alvestad, and Johansson Citation2019). In recognition of that belief, participation is a principle in the Convention of the Rights of the Child (United Nations Citation1989), paragraph 12, formally introduced into Norway and Norwegian ECEC institutions with the Norwegian Kindergarten Act (Ministry of Education and Research Citation2006). Likewise, according to the Norwegian Framework Plan for Kindergartens (Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training Citation2017), children should receive frequent opportunities to participate in both planning and assessing activities in their ECEC institutions. The aim of our study was to explore how children have experienced participation in different physical environments and activities in ECEC institutions in Norway. In Norway, about 90% of 1- to 6-year-old children are enrolled in ECEC institutions, and the majority spend full days there (41–45 h) each week (Statistics Norway Citation2020). Most of Norway’s 5700 ECEC institutions have access to various outdoor environments and natural areas (Lysklett Citation2013; Norwegian Directorate of Education and Training Citation2020; Norwegian Directorate of Health Citation2012; Statistics Norway Citation2020), and children spend 70% of the time outdoors in the summer and 30% in the winter (Moser and Martinsen Citation2010). On a regular day, children engage in various activities, some initiated by themselves (e.g. free play) and some by the staff (e.g. circle time and hiking). Despite the sharpened focus on children’s participation in recent years, it remains necessary to know how well their participation is accommodated in different physical environments and activities in ECEC. After all, how children experience participation in their everyday lives can influence pedagogical thinking and planning in ECEC institutions. Children’s participation in ECEC institutions Participation, called medvirkning in Norwegian, can be defined as a physical and mental space that affords an opportunity for self-expression and interacting with others (Bae et al. Citation2006, 8). The concept of participation encompasses the possibility of being seen and listened to by others as well as the freedom to make decisions (Bratterud, Sandseter, and Seland Citation2012; Holte et al. Citation2014). To ensure that opportunity in ECEC, it is crucial to maintain responsive ECEC staff who listen and understand children’s expressions of interest…
Late stage study on elderly people in Norway
A research article from:NOVA – Norwegian Social Research Thomas Hansen, a researcher at Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), a research institute that is part of OsloMet, has conducted research on ageing and quality of life over a period of many years. “There are a number of stereotypes out there about old age that aren’t necessarily true. Growing old isn’t be as bad as it’s made out to be,” he says. In what follows, we’ll look more closely at some of the more stubborn myths surrounding old age. Myth 1: Old people are lonelier than young people “The general public, including old people themselves, have a distorted notion of how lonely older people are. In reality, loneliness is not more common among old people than among younger people, at least up until a certain age,” Hansen explains. People in their late 60’s and early 70’s are not any lonelier than the rest of the population. In fact, the opposite is true. “Loneliness is consistently low well into old age,” Hansen tells us. “A 70-year-old, in fact, is more satisfied with his life than any other age group.” Whether you have children or not matters very little for your quality of life in older age.– Thomas Hansen Later, as people's health declines and they begin to lose people close to them, their levels of satisfaction with their lives begin to decline. Whereas only two out of ten people between the ages of 40 and 75 reporting feeling lonely sometimes or often, nearly four in ten reporting feeling this way after turning 75. “Loneliness is far more common among the oldest segment of the population,” the NOVA researcher explains. “But the loneliness that people report experiencing tends to come and go and not be particularly severe.” Only five to eight per cent of people in all age groups say that they frequently feel lonely or suffer from a more serious form of loneliness. Myth 2: Children are an insurance policy against old age loneliness There is a commonly held belief that having children and grandchildren will help ward off loneliness and depression later in life. The research suggests that this is not the case for older people in western countries like Norway. “Whether you have children or not matters very little for your quality of life in older age. It’s not true that you’re at greater risk of being lonely and depressed without children and grandchildren,” Hansen explains. In the same way older people are not more irritable than younger people, men are no more grumpy than women.– Thomas Hansen In collaboration with colleagues Britt Slagsvold and Torbjørn Moum, Hansen has looked into the role children play in influencing quality of life among people between the ages of 40 and 80. They discovered that having children does not appear to increase quality of life. This applies both to quality of life in general and loneliness more specifically. “This finding is surprising, but it may suggest that it’s day-to-day social interactions that are most important for…